PDO::CASE_NATURAL, PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_ORACLE_NULLS => PDO::NULL_NATURAL, PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES => false, ); /** * Establish a database connection. * * @param array $config * @return \PDO */ public function connect(array $config) { // First we'll create the basic DSN and connection instance connecting to the // using the configuration option specified by the developer. We will also // set the default character set on the connections to UTF-8 by default. $dsn = $this->getDsn($config); $options = $this->getOptions($config); $connection = $this->createConnection($dsn, $config, $options); $charset = $config['charset']; $connection->prepare("set names '$charset'")->execute(); // Next, we will check to see if a timezone has been specified in this config // and if it has we will issue a statement to modify the timezone with the // database. Setting this DB timezone is an optional configuration item. if (isset($config['timezone'])) { $timezone = $config['timezone']; $connection->prepare("set time zone '$timezone'")->execute(); } // Unlike MySQL, Postgres allows the concept of "schema" and a default schema // may have been specified on the connections. If that is the case we will // set the default schema search paths to the specified database schema. if (isset($config['schema'])) { $schema = $config['schema']; $connection->prepare("set search_path to \"{$schema}\"")->execute(); } return $connection; } /** * Create a DSN string from a configuration. * * @param array $config * @return string */ protected function getDsn(array $config) { // First we will create the basic DSN setup as well as the port if it is in // in the configuration options. This will give us the basic DSN we will // need to establish the PDO connections and return them back for use. extract($config); $host = isset($host) ? "host={$host};" : ''; $dsn = "pgsql:{$host}dbname={$database}"; // If a port was specified, we will add it to this Postgres DSN connections // format. Once we have done that we are ready to return this connection // string back out for usage, as this has been fully constructed here. if (isset($config['port'])) { $dsn .= ";port={$port}"; } if (isset($config['sslmode'])) { $dsn .= ";sslmode={$sslmode}"; } return $dsn; } }