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import struct
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import time
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class BME280:
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DEFAULT_ADDR = 0x77
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def __init__(self, i2c, addr=DEFAULT_ADDR):
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self.i2c = i2c
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self.addr = addr
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# Reset sensor
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self.i2c.writeto_mem(self.addr, 0xE0, b"\xb6")
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time.sleep(0.1)
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self._read_calibration_data()
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# Humidity oversampling x1
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self.i2c.writeto_mem(self.addr, 0xF2, b"\x01")
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# Pressure oversampling x1, Temp oversampling x1, Normal mode
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self.i2c.writeto_mem(self.addr, 0xF4, b"\x27")
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# Standby 1000ms, filter off
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self.i2c.writeto_mem(self.addr, 0xF5, b"\xa0")
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def _read_calibration_data(self):
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calib = self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0x88, 24)
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c = struct.unpack("<HhhHhhhhhhhh", calib)
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self.dig_t1, self.dig_t2, self.dig_t3 = c[0], c[1], c[2]
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self.dig_p1, self.dig_p2, self.dig_p3 = c[3], c[4], c[5]
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self.dig_p4, self.dig_p5, self.dig_p6 = c[6], c[7], c[8]
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self.dig_p7, self.dig_p8, self.dig_p9 = c[9], c[10], c[11]
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self.dig_h1 = self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xA1, 1)[0]
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h = struct.unpack("<hB", self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xE1, 3)[:3])
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self.dig_h2, self.dig_h3 = h[0], h[1]
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e4 = self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xE4, 2)
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self.dig_h4 = (e4[0] << 4) | (e4[1] & 0x0F)
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e5_e6 = self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xE5, 2)
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self.dig_h5 = (e5_e6[0] >> 4) | (e5_e6[1] << 4)
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self.dig_h6 = struct.unpack("<b", self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xE7, 1))[0]
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def read_values(self):
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raw = self.i2c.readfrom_mem(self.addr, 0xF7, 8)
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raw_p = ((raw[0] << 16) | (raw[1] << 8) | raw[2]) >> 4
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raw_t = ((raw[3] << 16) | (raw[4] << 8) | raw[5]) >> 4
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raw_h = (raw[6] << 8) | raw[7]
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# Temperature calculation (Celsius)
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var1 = (((raw_t >> 3) - (self.dig_t1 << 1)) * self.dig_t2) >> 11
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var2 = (
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(((raw_t >> 4) - self.dig_t1) * ((raw_t >> 4) - self.dig_t1)) >> 12
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) * self.dig_t3 >> 14
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t_fine = var1 + var2
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temp = ((t_fine * 5 + 128) >> 8) / 100.0
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# Pressure calculation (hPa)
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p_var1 = t_fine - 128000
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p_var2 = (
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p_var1 * p_var1 * self.dig_p6 + ((p_var1 * self.dig_p5) << 17) + (self.dig_p4 << 35)
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)
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p_var1 = ((p_var1 * p_var1 * self.dig_p3) >> 8) + ((p_var1 * self.dig_p2) << 12)
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p_var1 = (((1 << 47) + p_var1) * self.dig_p1) >> 33
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if p_var1 == 0:
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pressure = 0.0
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else:
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p = 1048576 - raw_p
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p = (((p << 31) - p_var2) * 3125) // p_var1
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p_var1 = (self.dig_p9 * (p >> 13) * (p >> 13)) >> 25
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p_var2 = (self.dig_p8 * p) >> 19
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p = ((p + p_var1 + p_var2) >> 8) + (self.dig_p7 << 4)
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pressure = (p / 256.0) / 100.0
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# Humidity calculation (%)
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h_var = t_fine - 76800
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h_var = ((((raw_h << 14) - (self.dig_h4 << 20) - (self.dig_h5 * h_var)) + 16384) >> 15) * (
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(
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(
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(
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(((h_var * self.dig_h6) >> 10) * (((h_var * self.dig_h3) >> 11) + 32768))
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>> 10
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)
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+ 2097152
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)
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* self.dig_h2
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+ 8192
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)
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>> 14
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)
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h_var = h_var - (((((h_var >> 15) * (h_var >> 15)) >> 7) * self.dig_h1) >> 4)
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h_var = max(0, min(h_var, 419430400))
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humidity = (h_var >> 12) / 1024.0
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return {
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"temperature": round(temp, 2),
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"pressure": round(pressure, 2),
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"humidity": round(humidity, 2),
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
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import time
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class SHT41:
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DEFAULT_ADDR = 0x44
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CMD_MEASURE_HIGH_PRECISION = 0xFD
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def __init__(self, i2c, addr=DEFAULT_ADDR):
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self.i2c = i2c
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self.addr = addr
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# Soft reset
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self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, b"\x94")
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time.sleep(0.01)
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def read_values(self):
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# Trigger high precision measurement
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self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, bytes([self.CMD_MEASURE_HIGH_PRECISION]))
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# Conversion takes up to 8.2ms
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time.sleep(0.01)
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# 6 bytes: [Temp_MSB, Temp_LSB, CRC, Hum_MSB, Hum_LSB, CRC]
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data = self.i2c.readfrom(self.addr, 6)
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raw_t = (data[0] << 8) | data[1]
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raw_h = (data[3] << 8) | data[4]
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# Sensirion SHT4x conversion equations
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temp = -45.0 + 175.0 * (raw_t / 65535.0)
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hum = -6.0 + 125.0 * (raw_h / 65535.0)
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hum = max(0.0, min(hum, 100.0))
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return {
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"temperature": round(temp, 2),
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"humidity": round(hum, 2),
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"pressure": None,
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
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import socket
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import struct
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class SimpleMQTT:
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def __init__(self, host, port=1883):
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self.host = host
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self.port = port
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self.sock = None
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def connect(self, client_id, username=None, password=None):
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addr_info = socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port)
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addr = addr_info[0][-1]
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self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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self.sock.connect(addr)
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# Flags: Clean session (bit 1) + optional credentials
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flags = 0x02
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if username:
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flags |= 0x80
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if password:
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flags |= 0x40
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# Variable header: Protocol Name (MQTT) + Level (4) + Flags + KeepAlive (60s)
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var_header = bytearray(
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[0x00, 0x04, ord("M"), ord("Q"), ord("T"), ord("T"), 0x04, flags, 0x00, 0x3C]
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)
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payload = bytearray()
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payload.extend(self._encode_str(client_id))
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if username:
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payload.extend(self._encode_str(username))
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if password:
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payload.extend(self._encode_str(password))
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body = var_header + payload
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packet = bytearray([0x10]) + self._encode_len(len(body)) + body
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self.sock.write(packet)
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# Read CONNACK (4 bytes: 0x20, 0x02, ack_flags, return_code)
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resp = self.sock.read(4)
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if not resp or resp[0] != 0x20 or resp[3] != 0x00:
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code = resp[3] if resp and len(resp) >= 4 else "nil"
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raise RuntimeError(f"MQTT connection failed: code {code}")
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def publish(self, topic, payload, retain=False):
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cmd = 0x30 | (0x01 if retain else 0x00)
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if isinstance(payload, str):
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payload = payload.encode("utf-8")
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body = self._encode_str(topic) + payload
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packet = bytearray([cmd]) + self._encode_len(len(body)) + body
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self.sock.write(packet)
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def disconnect(self):
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try:
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if self.sock:
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self.sock.write(bytearray([0xE0, 0x00]))
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self.sock.close()
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except Exception:
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pass
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finally:
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self.sock = None
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def _encode_str(self, s):
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raw = s.encode("utf-8")
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return struct.pack("!H", len(raw)) + raw
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def _encode_len(self, length):
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encoded = bytearray()
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while True:
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digit = length % 128
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length //= 128
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if length > 0:
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digit |= 0x80
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encoded.append(digit)
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if length == 0:
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break
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return encoded
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